An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) happens when an artery degenerates and starts to fall apart and expand, like a tire with a bubble in it. Elastin in our arteries can wear out. The goal is to catch this before it bursts. Symptoms can vary from nothing at all to pain in either the center or the side of the abdominal area. Pain in your back can also occur, as well as a pulsating sensation on the abdominal area. Pain and feeling a pulse usually occur when the aneurysm has grown. 

Things that can contribute to developing AAA are:

• Atherosclerosis, the hardening of the arteries due to plaque buildup along the artery wall.

• Hypertension, which can deteriorate the walls of the aorta.

• Vascular diseases, like PAD or vasculitis, which can contribute to weakening of blood vessels as well as inflammation.

• Cardiovascular disease.

• Aortic infection, which is less common.

• Serious accident or physical trauma.

• History of smoking.

• Obesity.

• High cholesterol.

• Family history.

• Genetic diseases, like Marfan syndrome or Ehlers-Danos syndrome type IV

If you have been diagnosed with AAA, it is important to get routine ultrasounds to track if your aneurysm is enlarging. Starting an exercise program that does not aggravate the abdominal aortic aneurysm is helpful. Walking or swimming are ideal ways to exercise. Whether you are exercising or working, you need to avoid lifting heavy objects or engaging in activities that may cause trauma to your abdominal area. Exercise should not be so rigorous that you can’t catch your breath or carry on a conversation. Likewise, the size of the abdominal aortic aneurysm will determine your activity level. As with any exercise program, it is mandatory to consult with your vascular surgeon before you start

If you are a smoker, quitting is fundamental to your health. You can talk to your doctor about cessation programs that can help you quit smoking. The American Lung Association has resources to stop smoking, and you can also find information on Kick It California or Quit Assist . There are many support groups and strategies to help you beat the smoking habit and take back your life.

Another helpful tip is collaborating with your doctor or nutritionist to help with a healthy eating regimen. Diet, along with oral medications, can get your blood pressure, weight, and cholesterol in check. Avoiding stressful situations is vital when you have problems with high blood pressure and an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Meditation is a peaceful and healthy way to unravel your day and decompress. 

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has the following screening recommendations for AAA:

• Men aged 65 to 75 years who have ever smoked: one-time ultrasound screening.

• Men aged 65 to 75 years who have never smoked: selective screening is recommended based on clinical presentation, disease process, family history, personal history, and medical history.

The Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) “recommends screening men and women ages 65 to 75 years with either a history of smoking or a family history of AAA, as well as men and women over the age of 75 with a smoking history in otherwise good health who have not previously undergone screening.

Medicare Part B covers an abdominal aortic screening ultrasound once if you are at risk. You are considered at-risk if you have a family history of abdominal aortic aneurysms, or if you are a man 65-75 and have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in your lifetime.

If you have had an aneurysm in another part of your body or have a family history or a disease process that puts you at risk, it is important to stay vigilant and work with your doctors to screen and minimize risk. If you have been diagnosed with AAA, consistent monitoring and timely follow-ups must be done to avoid complications or emergencies. A vascular surgeon like Dr. David Nabi of NewportVascular.com will determine what interventions are needed for the best possible outcome.